|
Undergraduate gowns are a notable feature of academic dress for students at the ancient universities in Scotland.〔For a comprehensive account of this topic see: Cooper, J. C. ‘The Scarlet Gown: History and Development of Scottish Undergraduate Dress’, Transactions of the Burgon Society, 10 (2010), pp. 8-42. ((Available here ))〕 The most famous form of Scottish undergraduate dress is the red or scarlet gown. It is differentiated slightly according to the university at which it is worn. These gowns are worn by students of the University of St Andrews, Glasgow, Aberdeen, Edinburgh and Dundee. ==History== It is likely that pre-Reformation undergraduates would have worn a black ''supertunica'' in common with students at all European universities of the time. By the latter part of James VI's reign, this had formalised into scarlet. Traditionally, the red colour was symbolic of a lower status, and was particularly visible. The post-Reformation gown evolved as a uniform for students, its visibility preventing them from engaging in illicit activities in their university towns. In his work, ''A tour thro' the Whole Island of Great Britain'', Daniel Defoe notes the presence of the gowns at the Universities of Glasgow and St Andrews in the early 18th century, but also their absence at Edinburgh. In reference to the University of Glasgow: :''"Here is a principal, with regents and professors in every science, as there is at Edinburgh, and the scholars wear gowns, which they do not at Edinburgh. Their gowns here are red, but the Masters of Arts, and professors, wear black gowns, with a large cape of velvet to distinguish them."'' In reference to the University of St Andrews: :''"the students wear gowns here of a scarlet-like colour, but not in grain, and are very numerous"'' The ''"toga rubra"'' name, mainly popular at Aberdeen, was also used more widely, and declined with educational reform. A significant example of this is the actions of John Anderson, a professor at the University of Glasgow and founder of what went on to become the University of Strathclyde. During his tenure he opened up lectures specifically to cater to the working population of Glasgow, and in order to make their attendance more straightforward certain formalities, such as the red gown, were dispensed with - a move which was looked upon unfavourably by university authorities. As such, these became known as his "Anti-toga classes".〔 ((viewable online here ))〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Undergraduate gowns in Scotland」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|